• Marzano's Nine Instructional Strategies for Effective Teaching

    7. Setting Objectives and Providing Feedback

    Setting objectives can provide students with a direction for their learning.

    Goals should not be too specific; they should be easily adaptable to students'

    own objectives.

    Applications:

    * Set a core goal for a unit, and then encourage students to

    personalize that goal by identifying areas of interest to them.

    Questions like "I want to know" and "I want to know more

    about . . ." get students thinking about their interests and

    actively involved in the goal-setting process.

    * Use contracts to outline the specific goals that students must

    attain and the grade they will receive if they meet those goals.

    Research shows that feedback generally produces positive results. Teachers

    can never give too much; however, they should manage the form that

    feedback takes.

    Applications:

    * Make sure feedback is corrective in nature; tell students how

    they did in relation to specific levels of knowledge. Rubrics are

    a great way to do this.

    * Keep feedback timely and specific.

    * Encourage students to lead feedback sessions.